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What is Well-being?
“Well-being is a positive state experienced by individuals and societies. Similar to health, it is a resource for daily life and is determined by social, economic and environmental conditions. Well-being encompasses quality of life and the ability of people and societies to contribute to the world with a sense of meaning and purpose.” -World Health Organisation
Facts About Well-being
- As of 2024, globally one in seven 10-19-year-olds experiences a mental disorder, accounting for 15% of the global burden of disease in this age group.
- Sharp rise in problematic social media use among adolescents, with rates increasing from 7% in 2018 to 11% in 2022.
- Substance use disorders account for 3.1% of Years Lived with Disabilities.
Dimensions of Well-being
No health without mental health – World Health Organisation
Emotional Well-being
A person’s capacity to manage emotions and cope with stress, fostering a positive emotional state.
Psychological Well-being
The overall mental state of an individual, encompassing aspects like self-acceptance, purpose in life, and resilience
Physical Well-being
The state of an individual’s physical health, including exercise, nutrition, and bodily functions, influencing overall well-being.
Ecological Well-being
The state of the environment and its capacity to support human health and sustainability through mindful resource use and environmental protection
Spiritual Well-being
Spiritual well-being encompasses an individual’s sense of purpose and meaning in life, guiding their morals and ethics.
Social Well-being
The quality of an individual’s relationships and their ability to contribute to and interact with their community.
Financial Well-being
A person’s financial stability and their ability to manage their financial resources effectively to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Risk Factors Affecting Well-being
Risk Factors are any factor, condition or behaviour that hampers an individual’s physical, social, psychological or emotional health, contributes to vulnerable and poor well-being including inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol intake, tobacco/substance abuse, social disconnectivity, poor work-life balance, prolonged stress, financial instability, inaccessible health care services, exposure to trauma, etc.
References:-
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Determinants of health for First Nations people
https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/social-determinants-and-indigenous-health -
Exploring the nature and impact of risk factors on the well-being of youth
Citation: Chowdhury, P., & Ravi, V. (2020). Exploring the nature and impact of risk factors on the well-being of youth. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.25215/0804.152 -
Social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews
Citation: Lund, C., Brooke-Sumner, C., Baingana, F., Baron, E. C., Breuer, E., Chandra, P., Haushofer, J., Herrman, H., Jordans, M., Kieling, C., Medina-Mora, M. E., Morgan, E., Omigbodun, O., Wietse Tol, Patel, V., & Saxena, S. (2018). Social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews. In The Lancet Psychiatry (Vols. 5–5, pp. 357–369). -
The social determinants of mental health and disorder: evidence, prevention and recommendations
Citation: Lund, C., Brooke-Sumner, C., Baingana, F., Baron, E. C., Breuer, E., Chandra, P., Haushofer, J., Herrman, H., Jordans, M., Kieling, C., Medina-Mora, M. E., Morgan, E., Omigbodun, O., Wietse Tol, Patel, V., & Saxena, S. (2018). Social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews. In The Lancet Psychiatry (Vols. 5–5, pp. 357–369). -
Factors that affect mental health
Citation: Factors that affect mental health. (n.d.). Mental Health Foundation.https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/explore-mental-health/factors-affect-mental-health#:~:text=At%20the%20Mental%20Health%20Foundation,Physical%20health%20and%20mental%20health
Risk Factors Affecting Well-being
Risk Factors are any factor, condition or behaviour that hampers an individual’s physical, social, psychological or emotional health, contributes to vulnerable and poor well-being including inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol intake, tobacco/substance abuse, social disconnectivity, poor work-life balance, prolonged stress, financial instability, inaccessible health care services, exposure to trauma, etc.
Lifestyle factors
- Poor diet
- Lack of exercise
- Smoking
- Excessive alcohol intake
- Insufficient sleep
Environmental Factors
- Pollution
- Noise pollution
- Unsafe living conditions
Psychological Factors
- Chronic stress
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Low self-esteem
- Negative coping mechanisms
Social Factors
- Social isolation
- Lack of social support
- Discrimination
- Relationship conflict
Economic Factors
- Financial instability
- Unemployment
- Low income
- Job insecurity
References:-
- Determinants of health for First Nations people
- Exploring the nature and impact of risk factors on the wellbeing of youth
How to Measure Well-being?
Study Outcomes
951
89%
67%
27%
98%
WHO five Well-being Index
60%
Indicates that a person has low well-being leading to possible depression
Well-being Locus of Control
68%
Individuals with a moderate rather than extreme internal locus of control cope more effectively with stress.
Perceived Stress Scale
78%
Indicates that a person is moderately stressed.
General Self-efficacy Scale
65%
Indicates that a person has a low perception of their ability to cope with challenging situations and achieve goals.
Brief Resilience Scale
80%
Indicates that a person is normally able to recover from stress and adversity.
Perceived Social Support
59%
Indicates that a person receives social support from family, friends, or society, leading to lower levels of depression and anxiety.
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